Post by : Saif Rahman

Diabetes is frequently associated with individuals who are overweight. However, medical professionals in India caution that even those who appear slim externally can be diabetic. This condition is on the rise and poses a significant health risk, as many remain unaware of their status. Experts attribute this trend to a combination of genetics, contemporary dietary habits, and sedentary lifestyles leading to early onset diabetes in lean individuals.

The World Health Organisation defines diabetes as a chronic condition where the body struggles to either produce sufficient insulin or utilize it effectively. Insulin is a crucial hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. When insulin function is impaired, blood glucose levels can escalate, leading to long-term damage to organs such as the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves, and blood vessels.

At Manipal Hospital in Bengaluru, endocrinologist Dr. Tejaswi emphasizes India's unique circumstance. Many lean Indians may possess high amounts of fat, particularly around vital organs, even if they appear slim. This internal fat, known as visceral fat, isn't visible externally but significantly impacts insulin's effectiveness. This concept, introduced by Dr. CN Yajnik, illustrates the phenomenon of “thin-fat Indians.”

This insight indicates that weight is not the sole determinant of health. A person may exhibit a normal Body Mass Index (BMI) yet still face a heightened diabetes risk. Consequently, many perceive themselves as healthy due to their weight when, in fact, they might be struggling with sugar regulation.

The dietary shift also plays a critical role. Over time, many Indians have transitioned from traditional home-cooked meals to processed and refined food types. Common items such as white bread, sugary beverages, fast food, packaged snacks, and polished white rice have infiltrated daily diets. These foods can spike blood sugar levels rapidly, forcing the body's insulin to work harder. Over years, this can result in the body losing its ability to manage glucose effectively.

Alongside dietary changes, lifestyle alterations have contributed to the problem. An increase in sedentary jobs means less physical activity. Children are now more inclined toward screens over outdoor play. Adults commonly opt for vehicular transport, elevators, and prolonged sitting. This reduction in physical movement facilitates fat accumulation inside the body, even in those who appear slim.

Genetic predispositions also contribute to the issue. Some individuals may inherit certain body types that store fat more readily or have a diminished insulin response. If family members have a history of diabetes, the likelihood of developing the condition increases. However, lifestyle choices significantly influence the severity and onset of diabetes.

What heightens the risk is that many lean individuals may forgo medical checkups, thinking they are healthy. They might dismiss symptoms like fatigue, increased thirst, blurred vision, and frequent urination. In some cases, no symptoms appear until considerable damage has occurred.

Healthcare professionals recommend that everyone, particularly those with a family history of diabetes, should undergo regular blood sugar assessments, regardless of their weight. Early detection is vital in managing the disease and averting serious repercussions. Managing diabetes involves more than just medication; it also necessitates adjustments in dietary habits and lifestyle choices.

Simple lifestyle modifications can yield significant benefits. Incorporating whole grains, fresh produce, nuts, and fiber-rich foods can enhance blood sugar control. It's crucial to minimize intake of sugary, fried, and processed foods. Engaging in regular physical activities, whether through walking, jogging, yoga, or any form of exercise for at least 30 minutes daily can improve insulin functionality and overall health.

Moreover, healthcare providers recommend reducing stress and ensuring adequate sleep, as both factors influence blood sugar levels. Mental well-being is interlinked with physical health, whereby chronic stress can elevate glucose levels independent of diet.

The overarching message from health experts is straightforward: diabetes does not manifest uniformly across all individuals. Being slim does not equate to being wholly healthy. Understanding one's body, regularly checking health markers, maintaining a balanced diet, and staying active are crucial for everyone.

This escalating concern regarding hidden diabetes within lean Indians serves as a vital reminder that health transcends mere appearance. It reflects the internal conditions of the body. Through awareness, timely testing, and adopting healthy practices, this silent threat can be mitigated before it escalates into severe complications.

There is a hope that more individuals will recognize this health issue and adopt corrective measures early on. Preventative strategies are invariably easier than treatments. Listening to one's body and implementing small, strategic changes in everyday routines can safeguard health for many years to come.

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