Post by : Saif Rahman

During a three-day state visit to Beijing, French President Emmanuel Macron met with his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, pushing for a deeper Chinese engagement in the Ukraine conflict and a more balanced global trade framework. This marks Macron's fourth visit to China, accompanied by business leaders eager to forge new economic agreements ahead of the 2027 French elections.

At the Great Hall of the People, Macron underscored the importance of Franco-Chinese cooperation in today’s increasingly interconnected world. He outlined three pivotal areas for collaboration: ensuring global stability, fostering economic fairness, and advancing environmental initiatives. Macron emphasized that resolving the Ukraine crisis is vital, with China's role being instrumental towards achieving peace.

China is navigating its own set of challenges, particularly as the United States enforces tariffs that are impacting international trade dynamics. Furthermore, Beijing is keen on mending relations with the European Union, especially following tensions over electric vehicle subsidies. China aspires to be perceived as a reliable trade partner to Europe.

This visit unfolds during a period where economic and political factors are closely intertwined. The EU is working to decrease its reliance on Chinese imports for crucial goods, with new economic security regulations on the horizon. Consequently, even as public sentiments appear warm, the scope for cooperation between Macron and Xi has its own constraints.

An area of significant concern is the anticipated acquisition of 500 Airbus jets, which is unlikely to be approved in the near term. China seeks leverage in its trade negotiations with the U.S. Additionally, France's luxury sectors, particularly cognac, may not see improved trade conditions, following China’s launch of an anti-dumping investigation against EU tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles last year.

China is also expected to maintain its duties on European pork imports, as it pressures Europe to lessen its stance on electric vehicle exports. France had backed the EU's introduction of tariffs on these Chinese products, complicating the trade narrative.

On the topic of Ukraine, any endorsements from Xi for diplomatic engagement will be measured. China has reassured Russia of their steadfast partnership, thereby limiting its public assertions supporting Ukraine negotiations.

Despite these hurdles, Xi welcomed Macron warmly and is set to join him on a visit to Sichuan province—an honor rarely extended to foreign dignitaries. He also advocated for enhanced collaboration in sectors such as nuclear energy, aerospace, artificial intelligence, and green initiatives. Following their discussions, both nations signed 12 agreements touching on issues like aging populations, investments, nuclear energy, and panda conservation.

A range of leading French corporations participated in the delegation, including Airbus, BNP Paribas, Schneider, and Alstom, with hopes that improved relations with China would cultivate growth in this major market. Annually, China imports about $35 billion of French goods—ranging from cosmetics to aircraft components—while France imports around $45 billion worth of Chinese products, mostly budget-friendly items sold via online retail platforms.

Macron asserted that France and China must collaborate with other nations in crafting equitable economic regulations that safeguard global supply chains and diminish instability. He cautioned against trade environments reliant solely on the principle of 'survival of the fittest,' advocating instead for mutual trust and shared accountability.

While Macron's journey highlights a strong desire for collaboration, the evident political and economic boundaries are unmistakable. Both leaders are eager for progress, yet must each navigate their own national priorities regarding trade and global security. The coming months will reveal whether this visit results in substantive change or remains a fleeting moment of diplomatic goodwill.

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