Post by : Saif Rahman

As India grapples with “very poor” air quality this winter, a new concern has emerged. Volcanic ash from the Hayli Gubbi eruption in Ethiopia has journeyed across regions, entering Indian airspace. This ash consists of fine particles and sulphur dioxide that can exacerbate breathing difficulties for residents across urban areas.

Medical professionals are already observing elevated levels of PM2.5. The introduction of volcanic ash may aggravate symptoms like coughing and breathlessness even among those without prior respiratory issues.

Why Volcanic Ash Elevates Air Quality Risks

Dr. Swapnil Mehta, a Senior Consultant in Pulmonology from Dr. L H Hiranandani Hospital in Mumbai, explains that volcanic ash comprises sharp, jagged particles. When they mix with urban pollutants, these particles can penetrate deeper into the lungs, triggering severe reactions.

This combination can lead to airway spasms, throat irritation, and heightened oxidative stress. Individuals suffering from asthma and COPD face serious flare-ups with even short-term exposure. Vulnerable groups like children and older adults are particularly at risk due to their lungs' inability to manage sudden pollution spikes.

Symptoms to Expect in the Coming Days

Healthcare professionals predict many may experience discomfort over the next 24–48 hours. Common symptoms include:

• Persistent cough
• Breathlessness or tightness in the chest
• Wheezing
• Burning or watery eyes
• Sore throat
• Nasal irritation or sneezing
• Headaches or unusual fatigue

If anyone finds difficulty in completing sentences or suffers from severe breathlessness, immediate medical assistance is advised.

Lingering Particles Can Still Be Harmful

Even if the volcanic plume dissipates today, the air may remain compromised. Fine particles can linger for 24–72 hours. Existing pollutants in India's air could react with sulphur dioxide to create additional harmful compounds, hindering a quick recovery.

Understanding Vulnerable Groups' Increased Risk

Children possess smaller airways, older adults exhibit weaker lung capacity, and asthma sufferers typically react rapidly to changes in pollution. Minor increases in pollutant levels can trigger aggressive responses. Experts advise these demographics to remain vigilant until air quality improves.

Potential Health Issues That May Arise

Doctors caution that the combination of volcanic ash and existing pollutants can result in:

• Asthma attacks
• Acute bronchitis
• Deterioration of COPD
• Increased risk of respiratory infections

Inflamed airways lose their natural defenses, making it easier for viruses and bacteria to spark infections.

Safety Tips for the Coming Days

Dr. Mehta advises the following precautions to stay safe:

• Minimize outdoor activities as much as possible.
• Wear an N95 mask for outdoor exposure.
• Keep windows shut, especially near busy streets.
• Use air purifiers equipped with HEPA filters indoors.
• Adhere to inhaler and prescribed medication schedules.
• Stay hydrated and consider steam inhalation or saline rinses.
• Children, older adults, and asthma patients should entirely avoid outdoor exercise.

He also emphasizes that this information is not a substitute for medical advice and urges those experiencing severe symptoms to consult a healthcare professional.

#Health #Wellness #Health & Fitness